Flat spray nozzle



Nov. 2l, 1950 F. w. wAHLlN 2,530,671

FLAT SPRAY NOZZLE Filed March 8, 1945 3 J5 l Hfa@ Patented Nov. 21, 41950 Fred W.' WahlingrOakzPark,Ill., assignor toSpray- :ing Systems `(30.,1Ghicago, Ill., acorporation of Y Illinois 'Application'March 8, 1945,"Serial No.581,582

3 Claims. (Cl..299--121) I My;invention Irelates Vto spray 'nozzles I for "discharging liquid `ina thin 'flat V-shaped stream and has reference more-particularly to ainozzle having an. extension beyond-the oriceiformed with .adeliector face along which theliquid is discharged and by which the stream issuing from the nozzle oriiiee is caused' to assume the' -thin fiat V-shape in which it is to be sprayed. 'My invention alsoincludesa 'method of making such nozzles.

The principal "objects of my invention are Yto providefan improved flat spraynozzle which insuresrgreater uniformity/'and accuracy of spray pattern than heretofore; to eiiect the iiat V-shape distribution with minimum deection and minimum lossof velocity; lto incorporate these advantages in `a simple-'form oinozzle which may bemade Without Aspecial equipment; and to provide an improved methodof making such-Y nozzles,

these 'andother objects-beingaccomplished as l pointed out hereinafter and as shown inthe accompanying drawing in which:

Fig. 1 is va side View of my improved nozzle looking Aat the deflector face thereof Fig. `2 is a .longitudinal sectional view of the nozzle taken. on` the line 2 2 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a transverse `sectional View taken on the `line 3-43of1'l'igf1;

Figsldsiand dare-Views similar to Figsfl, 2 and s3; respectively butshovving a nozzle of wider sprayianglethan thatof Figs. 1,2 and 13 y.CliligsflVS andI 9 :are views similar to Figs. 1, 2 and 3 respectively .but shovving a nozzle of still Wider sprayzangle .than thenozzle of Figs. 4, 5 and' 6;

Figs. 10, il and `12am-aalen views similar to Figsvfl, 2 and 3 respectively but showing another formfof nozzle; yand :Figl isa View illustrating a method oimakin'g the; nozzles of Figsl to l2 inclusive.

Referring to the drawing:andmore-particularlyitoliFigs. 1,;.2 .and .8.thereo`f,..the reference numberal:y I5 indicates the nozzle bodyr which has an'irorifice 1.6 therethrough,apreferably ared at 'the intake :end asindicated. at il, suitable J connectioniacilities beingrprovided, such for example.,raslt`he external threading IS forrsecuring the nozzlefbody` te; a liquid supply system from which liquid.` is .'.discharged venden pressure' through the orifice i6.

At the=outerf-end of the orice Iii the nozzle body l5 is provided with an extension;i,,preier ,ably vintegral therewith, wWhic-h has a delector facezralongvwhich vthe liquid is 'dischargedy ,from

the-lorice :i6 and .bywvhichit is shapedzi-nto i aV thin flat Vshaped..stream, as fshowniby dotted lines in Fig. l, in which form :itfis discharged from the outer endof said deliectorface'fl.

This delector face .126, which at its'inner: end is flush with one side of the orifice I'asrshovvn iniFigs. '2 and is oilthe: same :curvedtrough shape or .transverselyconcave form .throughout its lengt-h, the transverse curvature thereof'rbeing y shown in Fig. 3, and 'in the idirectionor^ its ,length or in the direction or" .the-streamfissuingfrom the orilice |15 it is graduallyfcurved.laterallynr across the axisiof the issuing stream-asshown inFig. .2 so as to gradually deflect the liquid laterally and thereby impose .aa spreading .and flattening effect uponv the streamthatissuesfrom the orifice I5, the `defiector face beingy terminated at its outer end in a lform vto causextheiliquid to leave the outer end ofthe delector face in a flat thin V-shapedstreamoi uniform: thickness.

To this end the extension i9 is beveled at opposite sides oi" the outer end portion'of the deiiector face 29 as indicated at 2l, 2| .fsothat the outer portion of the deflector faceLvZS isftapered toward the extremity which is `Vrounded as at 22, the taper .2, 2l and the rounding -lat 22 providing a take 'o edge contour bearingsuch relation to thetrough shape or transverse Scur- Vature of the particular deflector face andto the angle of deflection at'thezouter'endthereof that the lines .of ldischarge of ktitieliquidfrom the end of the'deflectoriiace are insubstantially the same plane throughout'the .Widthizof the spray. Thus, the liquid which iiows .out- Wardly on the deiiector face 25J in a progressively Widening thin stream whiohis transversely curved in conformity with the transverse ourvatureuf the face k2?,fis transformed into a Vflatplanar form as it leaves the outer'end of'thedeflecto'r face 20.

Forv convenience of vmanufacture v,and also ubecause of the eiciency and perfection of spray accomplished thereby, the longitudinal curvature of the deiiector face 2li and also the transverse curvature thereof are preferably along vvarcs of circles of suitable selected diameters to ciect the desired spread of liquid for which thenozzle is intended. Thus inthe nozzle of Figs. l, zand 3 :Whereina flat spray with lwdegree spreadis desired to be produced with aspray orilce H5 of 5/64 inch diameter, it has been found "rad vantageous toproduce the deflector surface 2U with a longitudinal curvature of 3% inch radius on a center in a plane lperpendicular tothe outlet endoi the .orifice `I6 and Withravtrans verse curvature of 1% inch radius, the orice I6 being arranged to lead onto the deiiector face 20 midway of the width thereof as shown in Figs. 1 and 3 and longitudinally onto the deector face in a substantially tangential manner as shown in Fig. 2. Preferably the nozzle body is faced perpendicularly to the axis of the nozzle opening I6 at the outer end thereof as indicated at 23 in Figs. 1 and 2, this perpendicular facing being particularly convenient in the method of making the nozzle as will be apparent from the detailed description hereinafter of the method.

With a nozzle having such arcuate curvatures or similar arcuate curvatures the deilector surface may be readily produced, as indicated in Fig. 13 and explained more particularly hereinafter, by merely employing a rotary cutter of the proper radius or diameter to produce the desired transverse curvature of deflector face and either swinging the cutter sidewise along the length of the nozzle stock on the proper radius to produce the longitudinal curvature or swinging the nozzle stock lengthwise on such radius against the cutter which may, at the same time, face olf the nozzle body at 23.

Variations in the spread of the spray are obtained by appropriate change in the longitudinal curvature of the deector face or in the transverse curvature thereof or both.

For example, to produce a spray angle of 35 degrees with the same orice as that of Figs. l, 2 and 3, namely a 5/64 inch orifice, the nozzle may be formed as shown in Figs. 4, and 6, and to produce a spray angle of 5() degrees with the same orifice, the nozzle may be formed as shown in Figs. '7, 8 and 9, the same numerals that are used to designate parts of the nozzle in Figs. l, 2 and 3 being used to designate the corresponding parts in Figs. 4, 5 and 6 but with the letter a and likewise in Figs. 7, 8 and 9 but with the letter b.

In the 35 degree angle nozzle of Figs. 4, 5 and 6 the transverse curvature of the defiector face is, as shown in Fig. 6, the same as that of the deector face of Figs. 1, 2 and 3, namely of 1% inch radius whereas the radius of longitudinal curvature of the deiiector face is ll inches as shown in Fig. 5, and a much shorter deflector face is required. The outer end of the deiiector face is also less abruptly curved as indicated at 22a., than is the end of the deflector face in Figs. 1, 2 and 3, and there is a less abrupt taper at the sides as shown at 2 la.

In the 50 degree angle nozzle of Figs. 7, 8 and 9 the transverse curvature of the deflector face 20h is, as shown in Fig. 9, on a l inch radius and the longitudinal curvature on a 1/2 inch radius, as shown in Fig. 8 and a much shorter deector face is required than in the nozzle of Figs. 4, 5 and 6. The outer end of the deflector face is also less abruptly curved, as indicated at 22h in Fig. 7, than is the end of the deflector face of Figs. 4, 5 and 6, and there is also less abrupt taper at the sides, as shown at 2lb.

In making these nozzles of Figs. 1 to 9 inclusive, a rotary cutter 24 is employed as shown in Fig. 13 of a radius or diameter corresponding to the transverse curvature to be given to the deector face, a cutter 24 of 1% inch radius or 2% inch diameter being employed for the nozzles of Figs. 1, 2 and 3 and Figs. 4, 5 and 6, whereas a cutter of l inch radius or 2 inch diameter is employed for the nozzle of Figs. 7, 8 and 9.

A piece of stock of suitable size for the particular nozzle is selected and either the cutter 24 is swung laterally on the appropriate radius lengthwise along the stock or the stock is swung on such appropriate radius to produce the deflector face. I prefer the latter procedure, and in making the nozzle the rotary cutter 24 is stationarily mounted, and the nozzle stock is carried by a support which is suitably located and swung on a suitable radius, preferably having its center in the plane of the cutting face 25 of the cutter, and guides the nozzle stock endwise on an arc so that the cutter 24 cuts away the stock along one side on a transverse curvature corresponding to the radius of the cutter and on a longitudinal curvature corresponding to the radius of the swinging support on which the stock is carried, the cutting being continued until the cutter face 25 reaches the location where the nozzle opening is to discharge onto the deflector face.

In Fig. 13 I have, for the purpose of illustrating the above method of making the deflector face, shown the making of a nozzle |51) like that of Figs. 7, 8 and 9. The deector face may be produced at substantially any stage in the production of the nozzle, that is as the first operation on the stock or otherwise but preferably the stock is previously formed with all operations complete thereon except the cutting of the deflector face.

In making this I5b nozzle a stationarily mounted rotary cutter 24 of 1 inch diameter is employed and a piece of stock, indicated by broken lines at 26 and otherwise completed except ior the cutting of the dei'lector face, is mounted on a swinging carrier which is pivoted at an appropriate center to cut longitudinally of the stock on a curve of 1/ inch radius. Thus, the pivotal axis of the swinging carrier would be on a line perpendicular to the point 27 which is at the center of the 1 inch rotary cutter 24.

This stock 26 is secured on the swinging carrier to advance endwise against the cutter 24 as shown in Fig. 13 with the end thereof foremost that is to constitute the outer end of the deector surface, said stock 26 being so located that when the nozzle opening of the stock swings to a point at right angles to the plane of the cutter face as shown in full lines in Fig. 13 the nozzle opening will be tangential to the inner surface of the deflector face in the direction of the length of the latter, or in other words will be at the level of the inner end of the longitudinal center line of the deflector face so as to discharge directly along that face, all as shown in Fig. 13.

With the stock thus located on the swinging carrier the latter with the stock thereon is swung to advance the stock from the position indicated by broken lines at 26 to the full line position of Fig. 13 thereby cutting away the material at one side of the stock to produce the deector face 20h and at the same time facing off the stock to produce the face 23h.

I have found it advantageous to make the nozzles from square bar stock and cut the defiector face longitudinally of this stock so that it extends transversely across the place of greatest width of the stock or substantially diagonally across the stock as shown particularly in Figs. 3, 6 and 9, the square cross-sectional form not only affording a desirable shape for wrench connection but also affording a wider deector face with square stock of relative small cross-section.

Moreover, I have found that the stock of square cross-section with the derlector face extending approximately diagonally across the stock in the manner shown in Figs. 1 to 9 inclusive, simplifies and facilitates the shaping of the deflector face at the outer end to discharge the liquid in the proper form of a uniform thin flat spray; such shapes of the deflector face being accomplished by merely machining the outer end of the spray nozzle in a suitably tapered conical form.

For example, for the 15 degree angle spray nozzle of Figs. 1, 2 and 3, the stock is cut to a length to leave 11/8 inch length beyond the face 23 and the outer end is turned in conical form as indicated at 28, at a 48 degree angle as shown in Fig. 2 leaving a circular flat 29 of 13g inch diameter at the outer end.

The conical formation may be provided at any time in the making of the nozzle but preferably before the cutting of the deflector face and by a turning operation in which a cutting tool, operating at the proper angle shapes the rotating stock in the conical form, and it has been found that by shaping the end of the stock in this conical form the cutting of the deflector face 20 in the manner hereinbefore described produces the proper curvature 22 and angularity 2i at the outer end of the delector face to cause the liquid to discharge therefrom in a perfectly uniform thin ilat spray of 15 degree spread.

In the 35 degree nozzle of Figs. 4, 5 and 6 the stock is cut to leave a length of iinch beyond the face 23a, and the outer end is turned in conical form as indicated at 28a, at a 40 degree angle as shown in Fig. 5, leaving a circular at 29a of 1A, inch diameter at the outer end whereas in the 50 degree nozzle of Figs. 7, 8 and 9, the stock is cut to leave a length of 5% inch beyond the face 235 and the outer end is turned in conical form as indicated at 28h at a 30 degree angle as shown in Fig. 8 leaving a circular flat 295 of 1% inch diameter at the outer end.

The nozzles may, if desired, be made of square bar stock with the def-lector face extending across the width of the stock as shown in Figs. 10, 11 and 12 in which the deflector face is indicated at 30, and this def-lector face may be produced with a, rotary cutter in the same manner as il-V lustrated in Fig. 13. When thus constructed the outer end of the deflector face is shaped by milling, grinding, or in other convenient manner with a rounded end 3| and tapered sides 32 which will cause the liquid to discharge from the end of the deflector face in the desired form of thin flat spray.

It will be understood that the size of stock employed for the nozzle depends upon the volume and spread of liquid for which the nozzle is designed and that the transverse curvatures of the deflector face and the longitudinal curvature thereof are governed not only by the angle or spread of spray desired but also the volume of liquid.

While I have shown and described my invention in a preferred form, I am aware that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the principles of my invention, the scope of which is to be determined by the appended claims.

I claim as my invention:

A1. A flat spray nozzle of the class described comprising a, nozzle body having a jet orifice extending therethrough and a jet deflector projecting from the body at one side of the exit end or' the orifice, said deflector having a transversely and longitudinally curved trough shaped deilector 'face extending outwardly along and across the orice discharge path, said deector face being transversely curved concavely cross wise of said path and longitudinally curved concavely lengthwise of said path whereby the discharge from the oriiice is spread in a thin transversely curved progressively widening stream, said concavely curved face being centrally extended lengthwise at the outer end in convex end form whereby the stream is transformed into nat planar form as it leaves the outer end of the deector face.

2. A fiat spray nozzle of the class described comprising a nozzle body having a jet orlnce extending therethrough and a. jet deilector projecting rom the body at one side of the exit end o1' the orifice, said deector having a transversely and longitudinally curved trough shaped denector face extending outwardly along and across the orice discharge path, said deilector face being transversely curved concavely cross- Wise or' said path and longitudinally curved concavely lengthwise of said path whereby the discharge from the orince is spread in a thin transversely curved progressively widening stream, sa1d concavely curved face being centrally extended lengthwise at the outer end in convex end form whereby the stream is transrormed into at planar form as it leaves the outer end oi' the denector lace, said face being, throughout its length, of the same transverse curvature and of progressively increasing inclination to the axis of the jet orifice.

3. A flat spray nozzle of the class described comprising a nozzle body having a jet orince, and a jet deector extending outwardly from the body, said denector having a delector face which extends outwardly from the body along one side of the path of discharge from said orifice in a curved direction toward the other side of said path so as to deect the discharge from the orifice in said curved direction, said face being concavely curved crosswise of said path and said deflector having a convex surface at the outer end extending arcuately along the outer end of said concavely curved face at an angle thereto.

FRED W. WAHLIN.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the le of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 868,715 Skinner Oct. 22, 1907 1,349,874 Coles Aug. 17, 1920 1,364,141 Reams Jan. 4, 1921 1,439,177 Loepsinger Dec. 19, 1922 1,506,721 Javorsky Aug. 26, 1924 1,506,722 Yunker Aug. 26, 1924 1,509,448 Skinner Sept. 23, 1924 2,187,324 Many Jan. 16, 1940 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 3,788 Great Britain Feb. 16, 1909 

